Wind Energy in Vupertalas
Metinė produkcija
11 659
kWh/year
Atsipirkimo laikotarpis
not reached
CO₂ sutaupymai
4.2
t CO₂/year
Example: 10 kW system, country average values
Dažni klausimai apie Vupertalas
How much electricity does a 10 kW wind turbine produce in Vupertalas?
With a capacity factor of 13%, a 10 kW turbine in Vupertalas generates approximately 11659 kWh per year.
How much does a small wind turbine cost in Vupertalas?
A 10 kW wind turbine in Vupertalas typically costs around €40,000 including installation.
What is the payback period for a wind turbine in Vupertalas?
Given local wind conditions, the investment is not paid back within the 20-year horizon of this example calculation.
How much CO₂ does a wind turbine save in Vupertalas per year?
A 10 kW wind turbine in Vupertalas avoids approximately 4.2 tonnes of CO₂ per year.
Assumptions and provenance
This example calculation is disclosed in full. Every quantity below enters the figures above exactly as stated — a specialist can recompute them or substitute their own assumptions.
- Payback (cumulative)
- not reached in 20 years
- Payback (discounted)
- not reached in 20 years
- Payback (static)
- 103,0 years
Sum of the nominal annual net benefits, including degradation, price escalation and replacement costs — not discounted. This is the figure shown above.
The same cash flows, discounted at the nominal rate the net present value uses. Always the later of the two.
Investment divided by the first year's benefit — without price escalation, degradation or replacement costs. Many quotes use this; depending on the assumptions it comes out shorter or longer.
| Quantity | Value | Source / note |
|---|---|---|
| System size | 10 kW | Example system of this page |
| Investment | 40 000 € (4 000 €/kW) | IEA Wind TCP Task 27 / WindEurope: 3.000–6.000 €/kW installiert für Kleinwind, Mittelwert bei 10 kW |
| Operating cost | 1 200 €/a | — |
| Electricity price | 0,370 EUR/kWh | Eurostat nrg_pc_204, Band DC, 2025-S2 |
| Feed-in tariff | 0,0778 EUR/kWh | — |
| Self-consumption share | 20 % | Wind generates at night and in winter — the share is structurally below that of solar. |
| Degradation | 0,5 %/a | — |
| Price escalation | 2,0 %/a | — |
| Discount rate | 3,0 %/a | Nominal, matching the nominally escalating revenues |
| Horizon | 20 years | — |
| Grid CO₂ factor | 363 g/kWh | Umweltbundesamt, Strommix Deutschland (vorläufig 2024), 2024 |
| Wind speed (data source) | 6,58 m/s | Annual mean at 50 m reference height |
| Wind speed (hub height) | 4,94 m/s | Logarithmic wind profile, converted to 15 m |
| Hub height | 15 m | — |
| Terrain | Suburban | z₀ = 0.4 m |
| Weibull shape parameter k | 2,00 | — |
| Air density | 1,247 kg/m³ | — |
| Capacity factor | 13,3 % net | Gross 15,9 %, less 16 % losses |
Data source: not recorded with this cached figure. Wind comes from the New European Wind Atlas, or from NASA POWER outside its coverage; which of the two produced this number was not stored alongside it, and it is not assigned retrospectively.
Non-binding initial assessment for an example system, not professional advice. Small wind requires an on-site wind measurement before any investment decision.