Solar Energy in Florence
Annual yield
7.094
kWh/year
Payback period
8
years
CO₂-besparing
2.5
t CO₂/year
Example: 5 kWp system, country average values
Veelgestelde vragen over Florence
How much electricity does a 5 kWp solar system produce in Florence?
A 5 kWp solar system in Florence generates approximately 7094 kWh per year (PVGIS data).
How much does a 5 kWp solar installation cost in Florence?
In Florence, a 5 kWp PV system typically costs around €6,031 including installation.
How long is the payback period for solar in Florence?
At current electricity prices and feed-in tariffs, the payback period is approximately 8 years.
How much CO₂ does a solar system save in Florence per year?
A 5 kWp solar system in Florence saves approximately 2.5 tonnes of CO₂ per year.
Assumptions and provenance
This example calculation is disclosed in full. Every quantity below enters the figures above exactly as stated — a specialist can recompute them or substitute their own assumptions.
- Payback (cumulative)
- 8 years
- Payback (discounted)
- 9 years
- Payback (static)
- 8,0 years
Sum of the nominal annual net benefits, including degradation, price escalation and replacement costs — not discounted. This is the figure shown above.
The same cash flows, discounted at the nominal rate the net present value uses. Always the later of the two.
Investment divided by the first year's benefit — without price escalation, degradation or replacement costs. Many quotes use this; depending on the assumptions it comes out shorter or longer.
| Quantity | Value | Source / note |
|---|---|---|
| System size | 5 kWp | Example system of this page |
| Investment | € 6.031 (€ 1.206/kWp) | Länderreferenz bei 10 kWp, größendegressiv mit Exponent 0.2 |
| Operating cost | € 65/a | — |
| Electricity price | 0,280 EUR/kWh | Eurostat nrg_pc_204, Band DC, 2025-S2 |
| Feed-in tariff | 0,0500 EUR/kWh | — |
| Self-consumption share | 30 % | — |
| Degradation | 0,5 %/a | — |
| Price escalation | 2,0 %/a | — |
| Discount rate | 3,0 %/a | Nominal, matching the nominally escalating revenues |
| Horizon | 20 years | — |
| Grid CO₂ factor | 371 g/kWh | EEA, greenhouse gas emission intensity of electricity generation (seed), 2023 |
| Specific yield | 1.419 kWh/kWp/a | The figure with which a third-party calculation can be checked |
| Tilt | 35° | — |
| Azimuth | 0° (0 = south) | — |
| Performance ratio | 80,7 % | — |
Data source: PVGIS — Photovoltaic Geographical Information System (EU JRC) · version PVGIS 5.3, radiation database PVGIS-SARAH3 · as of 2024 · licence: Free use with attribution (JRC PVGIS terms of use)
Non-binding initial assessment for an example system, not professional advice. Small wind requires an on-site wind measurement before any investment decision.